Pakistan's prime minister says the government is "seriously concerned" about the potential spread of epidemic diseases in the flood-hit country.
Yousuf Raza Gilani was speaking during high-level talks aimed at preventing a mass health crisis.
Doctors in many areas are reportedly struggling to cope with the spread of diseases such as diarrhoea and cholera.
The UN says more than 17 million people have been affected by the floods, with about 1.2 million homes destroyed.
There are fears of further flooding as the Indus river at Hyderabad, already at a 50-year high, is expected to rise even more.
Mr Gilani told the meeting of senior doctors, health ministry officials, UN representatives and members of non-governmental organisations that Pakistan was experiencing "the worst natural calamity of its history".
"As human misery continues to mount, we are seriously concerned with spread of epidemic diseases," he said.
"There is likelihood of water-borne diseases such as cholera, diarrhoea and dysentery, especially in children who are already weak and vulnerable."
Pakistan's national health co-ordinator said the immediate health situation in the flood zone was under control but the threat had not passed.
"Health problems usually arise in flood-affected areas after four to six weeks, and we need to be alert and prepared to tackle the situation," Dr Jahanzeb Orakza said.
The BBC's Jill McGivering in Islamabad says the health meeting appears to be an attempt by the government to improve its co-ordination amid growing criticism about its handling of this crisis.
Doctors in some flood-hit regions are overwhelmed by health problems including skin rashes, dehydration and diarrhoea, says our correspondent.
The flooding has already killed nearly 1,600 people, but millions are considered to be at risk from water-borne diseases.
Increasing need
UN officials have described the humanitarian situation in Pakistan as critical.
1,539 people have died and 17 million have been directly affected
1.2 million houses have been destroyed, leaving an estimated 8 million homeless
3.2m hectares of standing crops have been lost or damaged
2,055 people have been injured
1.6 million have received food aid
2 million people have received drinking water but "large numbers" have no access to water or sanitation
Reports on increasing migration towards Sindh province from other affected areas
The UN has raised 70% of the $460m (£295m) needed for emergency relief, and in the UK, relief agencies say public donors have now given £29m ($45m).
"The floods are outrunning our relief efforts. We move faster and faster, but the finish line keeps moving further ahead," UN spokesman Maurizio Giuliano told AP.
Relief camps have been set up in Sindh province but access to them is strictly controlled and only a fraction of the affected people have found a place in one.
Some people told the BBC that because they had lost their identity papers when they fled their homes they were not being allowed to register in the camps or to receive aid.
The World Food Programme says it already has enough food in Pakistan to feed six million people for a month but distribution has been hampered by a lack of resources and the country's shattered infrastructure.
Spokeswoman Emilia Casella said supply lorries were having to take long detours and aid was being carried in by hand in some areas. Helicopters were also carrying out air drops of high-energy biscuits in the more remote areas, she told a news briefing in Geneva.
Sindh province irrigation minister Jam Saifullah Dherjo said officials were strengthening the Indus river's embankments but that some 600,000 people in low-lying areas were in danger and being urged to leave.
But thousands of people across the country are reported to have refused to leave their homes, fearing losing what little they have to looters.
Pakistani Finance Minister Abdul Hafeez Shaikh is due to attend talks with the IMF on Wednesday to discuss easing restrictions on its $11bn loan package so it better fits the country's new economic reality.
Officials say the floods have destroyed more than 1.7m hectares (4.25m acres) of land, which will have a significant impact on the agricultural sector and the country's economic growth.
The IMF's regional director, Masood Ahmed told Reuters the flood would have "a major and lasting impact" on Pakistan.
